• MMC

Renting a property in Luxembourg involves both rights and obligations for tenants. Being familiar with these rules helps prevent disputes and ensures a smooth and stress-free rental experience.

First of all, the move-in inspection report, known as the état des lieux d’entrée (EDLS), is not mandatory but is strongly recommended. It allows for a comparison between the condition of the property at the beginning and at the end of the tenancy and protects the tenant in case of disagreement over any damage identified during the move-out inspection (état des lieux de sortie – EDLE). Although not required by law, a detailed inventory can be extremely valuable for tenants.

The security deposit is a sum paid to the landlord to cover potential unpaid rent or damage to the property. While there is no strict legal deadline for its reimbursement, the deposit must be returned within a reasonable period after the end of the lease. In practice, part of the deposit is often returned when the keys are handed back, while the remaining amount may be retained temporarily to cover possible repair costs. The law reforming residential lease regulations dated 23 July 2024 now requires that half of the security deposit be returned within one month following the end of the lease, unless damage or unpaid amounts are identified. In addition, landlords may no longer request more than two months’ rent as a security deposit or bank guarantee, compared to three months previously.
In Luxembourg, bank guarantee letters are also commonly used. A bank guarantee letter is a written commitment from a bank to pay a specified amount if the tenant fails to meet their contractual obligations. It is often used as an alternative to a cash security deposit, allowing tenants to demonstrate financial reliability without freezing their own funds. This solution facilitates access to rental properties while reassuring landlords about rent payments and potential damage.

Tenants are also responsible for taking proper care of the property and its equipment. This includes regular maintenance, carrying out minor tenant repairs such as replacing light bulbs or seals, and promptly informing the landlord of any serious issues, such as water leaks or heating system failures. These precautions help maintain the property in good condition and reduce the risk of disputes upon departure.

Respect for community living is another key obligation. Tenants must avoid causing noise disturbances and comply with local waste collection and recycling rules. Any building or condominium regulations in place must also be strictly followed to ensure the comfort and well-being of all occupants.

Paying rent and service charges on time is, of course, a fundamental obligation. Tenants must pay all amounts due by the dates specified in the lease agreement. In the event of late payment, interest or penalties may apply, and it is strongly recommended to keep all proof of payment to avoid future conflicts.

Communication with the landlord or property manager also plays a crucial role. Tenants should promptly report any situation requiring repairs or intervention and obtain written approval before making any modifications or alterations to the property. Clear and proactive communication helps prevent misunderstandings and supports a healthy landlord-tenant relationship.

Finally, if tenants believe their rights are not being respected, they may contact the Luxembourg Consumers’ Union (Union luxembourgeoise des consommateurs – ULC). This organization provides advice and support to help resolve disputes with landlords or property managers.

In summary, tenants in Luxembourg must maintain their accommodation, respect community rules, pay rent on time, and manage the security deposit appropriately. While some obligations, such as the move-in inspection, remain informal, others are clearly governed by law and recent regulatory changes. Understanding and complying with these responsibilities ensures a balanced, secure, and positive rental relationship.